
A Novel Simulation-Based Fire Risk Hazard Ranking For Refrigerant Leakage In Confined Spaces
Navigate your business in an increasingly complex world with industry-leading research and actionable insights from UL Solutions.
Explore our press releases and news updates. Delve into detailed press kits for information on our work. If it’s UL Solutions and newsworthy, it’s here.
Connect with us in person or online, around the globe. We’re everywhere your business needs us to be.
As a global safety science leader, UL Solutions helps companies to demonstrate safety, enhance sustainability, strengthen security, deliver quality, manage risk and achieve regulatory compliance.
See how we put safety science to work to help create a safer, more secure and sustainable world for you.
Explore our business intelligence-building digital tools and databases, search for help, review our business information, or share your concerns and questions.
Accelerate your planning process and learn the requirements needed to take your products to market worldwide.
A secure, online source for increased visibility into your UL Solutions project files, product information, documents, samples and services.
Access UL certification data on products, components and systems, identify alternatives and view guide information with Product iQ.
In this paper, we present a new risk metric to measure the probability of fire when there is leakage of a combustible refrigerant gas into a confined space. This risk metric can only be obtained via computational fluid dynamics modeling (CFD) software such as OpenFOAM. In essence, we track the volume of combustible gas that lies between the upper and lower flammability limits. We demonstrate how the risk metric can change depend upon a change in the details of the leakage scenario.
A Novel Simulation-Based Fire Risk Hazard Ranking For Refrigerant Leakage In Confined Spaces