UL EV research activities
 UL uses its research resources to stay in the forefront of EV safety.
With its research activities, UL has made several important contributions to the EV industry:
- Development of a test protocol for hydrogen gas emissions from EVs
that aided in the development of the National Electrical Code® (1996
edition), Article 625 -- Electric Vehicle Charging System Equipment.
- Research sponsored by Society for Automotive Engineers (SAE) and Japan
Electric Vehicle Association for evaluation of EV conductive plug configurations.
This work led to the development of a standardized plug and receptacle
configuration for EV conductive charging.
- Research sponsored by Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), GM,
Ford and Chrysler for the field testing of personnel protections systems
used in EV charging systems. This work led to the development of the Standard
for Safety, Personnel Protection Systems for EV Supply Circuits, UL
2231.
In addition, UL has written and/or contributed to the following works
that have been published by EPRI.
- "Personnel Protection Devices for Specific Applications - Special Considerations for Conditions-of-Use Constraints." Discussed is the concept of controlling risk by means of a "package" of mechanisms including limits on electrical parameters and other protective mechanisms. The mechanisms include features that are part of the equipment, protective personal apparel, features and restrictions associated with the site of the equipment, and influence on the personal behavior which includes training. EPRI, TR-114090, 1999.
- "Safety Criteria of Isolated DC Systems in EVs - Traction Motor and Control Circuitry Under Charging and Driving Conditions." System grounding, faults, shock, fire, and analysis of probability of these occurrences and protection with regards to EV are discussed. EPRI, TR-114089, 1999.
- "Personnel Protection Systems for EV Charging Circuits."Skuggevig, W., Underwriters Laboratories Inc. EPRI. Research Project 4857-02, TR-105939, 1995.
- "Test Protocol for System Compatibility of Single-Phase Battery Chargers for EVs (SC320)." Singh, T., PQES, Inc. Load Management, Distribution, and Power Quality Committee to the National EV Infrastructure Working Council. EPRI, TR-106538, 1996.
- "Test Protocol for System Compatibility of Three-Phase Battery Chargers for EVs (SC330)." Singh, T., PQES, Inc. Load Management, Distribution, and Power Quality Committee to the National EV Infrastructure Working Council. EPRI, TR-106539, 1996.
- "EV Charging Equipment Operational Recommendations for Power Quality."Newton, S., Ford Motor Co. Load Management, Distribution, and Power Quality Committee to the National EV Infrastructure Working Council. EPRI, TR-109023, 1995.
Copies of these reports can be obtained from the EPRI Distribution Center;
207 Coggins Drive, P.O. Box 23205, Pleasant Hill, CA 94523, or by calling
EPRI at +1-510-934-4212.
For more information about UL's electric vehicle activities, please contact
Peter Boden at UL's Northbrook office
at +1-847-664-2011.
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